08/02/2026
The Indian Shaker Church (distinct from the European-American Shakers founded by Ann Lee) is a syncretic Indigenous spiritual movement that holds a rich history across the Pacific Northwest, spanning both Washington State and British Columbia.
In Shaker tradition, brass handbells are essential spiritual tools. They carry direct symbolic, rhythmic, and ceremonial functions.
What the Bells Represent & How They Are Used:
1. Calling the Creator & Guiding Spirits
Just as traditional Coast Salish and Northwest Coast nations used drums, rattles, and singing to connect with the spirit world, Shakers use the rhythmic ringing of brass handbells to call upon the Creator, Jesus, and helper spirits. The resonant high frequency of metal bells is believed to pierce spiritual barriers and invite holy presence into the room.
2. Cleansing and "Brushing Away" Heavy Energies
During a healing or cleansing service, individuals who feel spiritually heavy, sick, or burdened stand before the altar or in the center of the floor.
The Ritual Action: Shaker practitioners (often called "shakers" or "healers") ring handbells in both hands close to the person being healed.
The Motion: Combined with the physical "shake" (a gift attributed to Mary Slocum), the vibrations and sound of the bells are used to "brush" or "sweep" bad thoughts, illness, grief, or negative spirit energy away from the body—starting from the head down to the feet—and cast them away toward the light or candle flame.
3. Funerals & Transitions of the Soul
Funerals are one of the most prominent places outsiders and community members experience Shaker bells.
Guiding the Deceased: The ringing serves to guide the spirit of the deceased peacefully toward the Creator and to ward off any malicious or clinging spiritual influences during the transition.
Comforting the Living: During wakes and funeral services, bell ringing creates a continuous, trance-like sonic blanket that wraps around grieving family members, helping to "lift" the heavy sorrow from their hearts so it doesn't settle into their bodies as physical or spiritual illness.
A Ceremonial Scenario: A Shaker Healing Work
Imagine walking into a modest wooden church or longhouse space:
The Setting: Three white crosses stand at the altar, illuminated by flickering white candles. The smell of burning cedar or sweetgrass fills the air, blending traditional Coast Salish cleansing with Shaker devotion.
The Work Begins: Someone in the community is carrying heavy grief or physical sickness. They step forward to the center of the floor. Two or three practitioners stand around them holding heavy brass handbells in each hand.
The Sound & Motion: The bell-ringers begin a rapid, rhythmic, synchronized ringing—a sharp, clear ding-ding ding-ding that drives the cadence of foot-stomping and songs. As the power of the Holy Spirit and traditional spirit helpers takes hold, the practitioners begin to shake involuntarily in their hands and arms.
The Cleansing: Using the bells almost like magnetic brushes, they sweep the sound over the person's shoulders, arms, and chest, "catching" the heavy illness or sorrow in their hands and ringing it out into the room or upward toward the altar candles. The loud, relentless sound absorbs the room, leaving the recipient feeling spiritually light, clean, and relieved.
History Across the US–Canada Border
The Indian Shaker Church has a deeply interwoven history between Indigenous nations in Washington State and British Columbia:
Origins in Washington State (1881–1882)
The movement began along Puget Sound near Skookum Inlet / Mud Bay, Washington. John Slocum (Squaxin/Skokomish) had a near-death experience in 1881, receiving a vision to preach a clean lifestyle free of alcohol and gambling. Shortly after, when John fell ill again, his wife Mary Slocum experienced an intense physical tremor while praying. Her shaking was recognized as divine spiritual healing power ("the Shake"), forming the core of the movement.
Spreading Across the Border into British Columbia
The border between the US and Canada (the 49th parallel) was an artificial boundary imposed on Coast Salish and neighboring Indigenous nations who already had ancestral trade, family, and ceremonial ties across the region.
Family Ties: News of the healing power of the Shaker movement traveled along traditional Coast Salish kinship lines from Puget Sound north through the Strait of Georgia, Vancouver Island, the Fraser Valley, and the Squamish/Musqueam regions.
Sanctuary and Survival: In both the US and Canada, Indigenous spiritual practices were heavily outlawed by federal governments (the Indian Act and potlatch bans in Canada, and Indian Religious Crimes Codes in the US). The Shaker Church offered a safe way to preserve Indigenous spiritual healing, song, and community under the visible banner of Christian symbols (crosses, candles, and bells).
Cross-Border Unity Today
Despite early legal resistance from government agents and orthodox mission churches, the Indian Shaker Church was officially incorporated and established congregations in Washington, Oregon, California, and British Columbia. Today, Shaker families routinely travel back and forth across the border to attend conventions, funerals, and healing gatherings, keeping a centuries-old Coast Salish spiritual connection alive across international lines.