10/26/2026
In 1906, a woman with a law degree walked into a Kansas City cemetery with a sh***un and told the federal government it would have to go through her.
Her name was Lyda Conley. She was a member of the Wyandot Nation, and in 1902 she became the first Native American woman known to earn a law degree.
The ground she guarded was the Huron Indian Cemetery, also called the Wyandot National Burying Ground, in Kansas City, Kansas. Her parents and other relatives were buried there.
By the early 1900s, the cemetery sat on land that had become valuable, and the federal government moved toward selling it off. Lyda saw what that meant. Graves would be cleared. Names would go with them.
So she and her sisters, Helena and Ida, took over the site. They built a small structure on it that people came to call Fort Conley. According to accounts of the time, she kept watch from it and warned trespassers away.
Then she took the fight into court.
Her case reached the U.S. Supreme Court, and on January 14, 1910, Lyda Conley stood to argue it. She is known as the first Native American woman to argue before that court.
She lost.
The justices did not rule in her favor. By any legal measure, the case was over.
But the sale never settled things. Lyda kept returning to the cemetery, kept making noise, and kept the attention of people with the power to act. Congress eventually acted to protect the burying ground, and the land was never cleared the way officials had planned.
She kept defending it for decades, until her death in 1946. She was buried in the same ground.
She lost in the highest court in the country. The graves are still there.
A lawyer who lost at the Supreme Court.
A sister who stood watch at Fort Conley.
A woman who would not leave her family's resting place to a deed of sale.