European Thyroid Journal

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European Thyroid Journal

The European Thyroid Journal publishes papers reporting original research in basic, translational and clinical thyroidology.

The official journal of the European Thyroid Association, publishing basic, translational and clinical thyroidology. 2025 Journal Impact Factor: 4.9/2025 CiteScore: 7.2 Original contributions cover all aspects of the field, from molecular and cellular biology to immunology and biochemistry, from physiology to pathology, and from pediatric to adult thyroid diseases with a special focus on thyroid cancer. Readers also benefit from reviews by noted experts, which highlight especially active areas of current research. The journal will further publish formal guidelines in the field, produced and endorsed by the European Thyroid Association.

03/11/2026

A new study investigates malignancy rates and management strategies for thyroid nodules with nondiagnostic fine-needle aspiration (FNA) cytology, stratified by the American College of Radiology Thyroid Imaging Reporting and Data System (TI-RADS) score.

The study found that the malignancy rate following an initial nondiagnostic FNA performed by an experienced clinician was low (1.8%), with all malignancies occurring in TR4 and TR5 nodules. These findings support consideration of TI-RADS-informed management for nodules with an initial nondiagnostic FNA.

Read the full study: https://doi.org/10.1530/ETJ-26-0237

27/10/2026

Could intranodular lactate help improve risk stratification in indeterminate thyroid nodules?

New research suggests that intranodular lactate is a feasible, low-cost metabolic biomarker that performs consistently across cytological categories, with the greatest clinical value observed in Bethesda I, III and IV nodules. These findings suggest a role in supporting risk stratification, with the potential to reduce unnecessary diagnostic surgery.

Read the study: doi.org/10.1530/ETJ-26-0216

22/10/2026

How does TP53 mutational status impact outcomes to dabrafenib plus trametinib treatment in anaplastic thyroid cancer?

New research investigates the association between TP53 mutational status and survival in patients with BRAF p.V600E anaplastic thyroid cancer (ATC) treated with dabrafenib plus trametinib (DT). The study suggests that TP53 mutations represent a prognostic factor associated with worse survival in patients with BRAF p.V600E ATC undergoing DT treatment, highlighting the potential clinical value of incorporating TP53 profiling into patient management.

Read the research: https://doi.org/10.1530/ETJ-26-0135

20/10/2026

New research explores the disease burden and long-term psychosocial outcomes of Graves' disease (GD) in childhood and young adulthood.

The cohort study matched each identified patient diagnosed with GD aged

16/10/2026

Can combining immune checkpoint blockade with lenvatinib provide clinical benefit in pretreated PDTC and ATC?

A new study retrospectively analyses the Essen ATC/PDTC cohort to evaluate the real-world efficacy of lenvatinib plus pembrolizumab (LEN-PEM) in heavily pretreated patients, including PDTC cases progressing after two or more prior tyrosine kinase inhibitors and ATC cases treated with upfront (radio-)chemotherapy.

The study demonstrates meaningful clinical activity of combining immune checkpoint blockade with lenvatinib in pretreated PDTC and ATC patients, supporting its potential use as a later-line therapeutic option.

Read the study: https://doi.org/10.1530/ETJ-26-0053

13/10/2026

How do thyroid hormones influence susceptibility to infection?

A new review examines the clinical evidence for altered infection risk in both hypo- and hyperthyroid states, including rare syndromes of reduced sensitivity to thyroid hormone, and combines clinical data with mechanistic studies at the cellular level.

The review emphasises the role of thyroid hormones in host defense and underscores the need for further research into their clinical relevance in human infectious diseases.

Read the review: https://doi.org/10.1530/ETJ-26-0166

This paper forms part of the Autoimmunity Special Collection. Edited by Simon Pearce, Marazuela Monica and Agnieszka Piekiełko-Witkowska.

08/10/2026

A new report describes a calcitonin-negative medullary thyroid carcinoma (MTC)-like thyroid tumour that was subsequently reclassified as primary thyroid paraganglioma (TPGL) following review by a specialist endocrine pathologist. A three-generation family history subsequently identified carotid body paragangliomas in the father and brother of the patient, with germline testing identifying a heterozygous intronic SDHD variant (NM_003002.4:c.314+4A>G) in all three affected relatives. Peripheral blood RNA sequencing demonstrated activation of a cryptic donor site 4 bp downstream of exon 3, supporting a splice-disrupting effect.

This case report illustrates two practical safeguards in the evaluation of an unusual thyroid tumour: obtaining a comprehensive family history early in the diagnostic process and timely review by a pathologist experienced in endocrine and neuroendocrine tumours.

Read the case report: https://doi.org/10.1530/ETJ-26-0226

06/10/2026

A new study prospectively evaluates changes in HPG axis parameters in adult men treated for thyroid dysfunction (primary hyperthyroidism and hypothyroidism), with a specific focus on alterations in s*x hormone-binding globulin (SHBG), testosterone, estradiol, and their ratio.

Read the study: https://doi.org/10.1530/ETJ-26-0111

01/10/2026

Can follow-up be safely de-escalated for patients with low-risk differentiated thyroid carcinoma (DTC) who achieve an excellent response to initial treatment?

A new multicentre retrospective study found no recurrences among 379 low-risk DTC patients, with an excellent response to initial treatment, during a median follow-up of 6.7 years.

The incidence of indeterminate response was 11.8 events per 1,000 person-years, peaking around year 3 after surgery and declining to near zero after year 7. Using the 2025 ATA response-to-therapy criteria, 95.8% of patients maintained an excellent response at last follow-up, and no variables were significantly associated with the development of an indeterminate response.

Read the study: https://doi.org/10.1530/ETJ-26-0223

29/09/2026

A new study found an association between maternal thyroid disease and venous thromboembolism (VTE) diagnosed in relation to pregnancy in a large, nationwide cohort.

The study utilised nationwide health registers in Denmark to perform an observational cohort study of pregnancies exposed to maternal hyperthyroidism or hypothyroidism. Cases of VTE during pregnancy and up to one year after pregnancy were identified, and multivariate logistic regression was used to evaluate the association between maternal thyroid disease and venous thromboses.

Read the full study: https://doi.org/10.1530/ETJ-26-0154

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